sloth fever caused by the oropo virus is a tropical illness transmitted mainly by mosquitoes though named after a region in Trinidad and Tobago the disease is not related to sloths symptoms include high fever headache muscle pain and sometimes rash it primarily affects tropical South America with mosquitoes as the main vectors diagnosis involves serological tests and treatment is supportive focusing on symptom relief preventing the disease involves mosquito control and reducing exposure to bites research is ongoing to develop vaccines and better treatments