Qat as poison part 1-by Dr. Ibrahim I. El-gorafi - 1983

foreign 1944 roughly I'm going to talk to you about a very interesting subject I have called this subject a poison chewed in Yemen this is a title which many of our people do not like it but I think that the plant and the leaves I'm going to talk about it's really kind of poison perhaps the dose is so minimal but the accumulative effect does it its job on the body of the yemeni people I'm going to talk about certain plants called cat in details scientifically speaking I'm going to read my little article about it I have started to notice the effect of this plant since I came back to Yemen from my High School graduation in medicine from Cairo where I started the medicine there I have noticed that our people in Yemen leave everything even their job to go and to purchase such leaves it's a kind of spending time spending money and to have a few nice hours where themselves or or with some of their friends I have noticed the good side and the bad side of this habit I thought I better collect some knowledge and to know what other people wrote about it so I took the botany point of view the chemistry point of view and the economic point of view and the health point of view from the expense some of the points I have put in my research or article is not my effort I have just took the final result of the researchers and I am going to summarize them in this article to give a very good point as possible as I can I have tried the cat myself that was 15 years ago since I have started writing this article but I felt that not everyone can tolerate the effect of this cat I myself was unable to continue to chew this cat especially from the medical side effect point of view in the meantime I feel that there are many people are the most happiest people in the world and that is perhaps why Yemen is called The Happiest Land I have never seen people of the whole country living everything behind sitting in a closed room full of smoke with a very humid state chatting enjoying their time putting all the responsibilities on the side forgetting the modern civilization and its effect on their minds they do not care in the meantime they enjoy it most of them are very clever the people who are fond of points they say it fond of reading history and literature they read it religions they read about Islam discuss problems of Islam but theoretically and as the end of the time comes the time of God sitting I mean the last few hours few minutes the imagination is getting more and more and so projects laid down of course they usually forget it next morning but they really enjoy it those people who love dancing and singing they do a lot of singing and dancing in that cat sitting so they are leaving the other countries the developing and the Civilized ones to work hard to die so quick leaving everything difficult behind them and having a very nice time you can't imagine it I have put the name for the title for the book the cat a poison chewed in Yemen I shall put the items I have classified to introduction definition Botanical description anatomical study materials macroscobial features microscopal features historical and literary references kinds of cut geographical distribution and ecology natives names for cat cultivation of cat chemical pharmacology and thus had cause addiction the cat ceremony the cat poem social aspects of card economic aspect of card medical aspects of God clinical manifestations of cat cut as International problem The Writer's personal experience and the place of cut in yemeni social life conclusions and references I have drawn a rough map for the Arab peninsula as you can see here this is in the corner here of the Arab peninsula lies Yemen here is the ritzy here is the Indian Ocean and here is the Arab Gulf area foreign six million now they are more than 9 million six million that is 15 years ago roughly poor people living in Yemen in the fertile part of the Arabian peninsula they face a serious problem it might be of interest to the reader to know about the Sinister plan which should rain the strength and lifeblood of yemeni people definition it is a plant with a botanical name catha in Euless for sikal belonging to the family cholest radio the war cat is from cafe or kafta the name given to the leaves of the plan in Ethiopia cat refers to the stems and smaller leaves referred to the large leaves and also to the infusion of the dried leaves which was originally known as Arab tea among the Sana people kaftar efforts to the large leaves not used for chewing it's also known as the Amharic or Ethiopian chat or the English cat or abyssinia tea Abyssinian tea another plan said by Prophet Chevalier to have been observed in Eritrea by Professor Richard his name clastridia bradives Rachel is used in the same way in India there is yet another plant named kofilam glocum e and z with similar properties the plant produces pushman's tea Botanical description this is very variable because the plan develops very differently under different conditions of climate and fertility some varieties are about one meter tall bushy with Evergreen leaves like lemon leaves example as found in it the terminal leaves are small soft shiny and very tasty most of the shoots are dry and the trunk is thick the gashani variety has yellow leaves whose effect is so powerful as to be dangerous to the unaccustomed user the maktawei variety has small shoots and with broad bitter tasted leaves this is a little draw schematic drawing of the leaves and the this is the seats [Applause] other varieties attain a high of two to three meters in dry mountainous area but up to six meters on Valley sides as in rauda and al-wadi and now in uh it is said that in better climate conditions in tropical areas the plant can grow up to 25 meters becoming a tree with a girth of 60 centimeter the branches are