Qat as poison part 6 -by Dr. Ibrahim I. El-gorafi- 1983

taking of this course notable alertness and resulted in unusually animated talking for two hours with some vegetables definitive subjective stimulation continued for four to six hours comparable to the effect of 10 milligram of racemic amphetamine sulfate in the same subject the gastroent spinal healing resultant seemed agreeable not unlike that followed following the computation of the bitter coffee or kinin water in the same in these same tropical areas the 200 gram of fresh material consumed would correspond to about 60 gram of air dried material later the experience of Alice was then swallowing of aqueous extracts from as little as 20 gram of dry Catholic material caused some degree of disagreeable gastroint spinal effect however after detaining are removed from dry material extracts the aqueous extract becomes satisfactory to swallow an ml adequate for notable Central Nervous stimulation detonated extract then amount corresponding to 20 gram of dry material when taken by mouth usually cause multiple effects but uh sub amounts corresponding to 40 gram are taking the subject the subjective effect are clearly evident those of 20 milligrams of dextromephedrine hydrochloride caused only minimal subjective effects of the order of the effect of 20 Milli of one to one designated extract following doses of 40 to 60 milligram of dextro neurodegrid salt subjective effects were more evident the effects of the 60 milligram those were most comparable to those alone the talking or the taken of 40 Milli of one to one detonated extract derived from 40 gram of dry main a lot of scattered material experiments were carried out on the same individual at different times and controls laboratory conditions the subject remained supine for two or more hours during the observation of blood pressure heart rate and electrocardiogram the material were then taking what were taken along with 200 mL of water about two hours after a light Mooring meal and lunch was postponed until the conclusion of all observation of possible circulatory effect experiments were with two 20 millimeter of 120 dominated extract increased of 10 to 15 to 16 millimeter in systolic and 6 to 12 in diastolic pressure with the change of four to six pulse per minute were noted but are not definitely outside normal variation some gastroint spinal discomfort and loss of appetite occurred opening of the nasal Airway and dryness of the throat was evident increased awareness of the environments and of the heart rate was noted in one trial a trial of 40 Mill was made and within one hour the nasal Airway was more open and there was increased alertness restlessness and feeling of the increased muscular tension were noted The Observer noted increase I and other body movements after 90 minutes their Royals increased attention to internal and external phenomena and breathing was slow and deepened increased alertness and talking continue for about 12 hours and sleeping that might seem light but was left to be adequate the next morning anorexia was evident for 10 to 12 hours with those of 40 milligram and 60 milligram of dextro northedrine hydrochloride notable subjective stimulant affect results and some circulatory effects were noted with the high dose of 30 millimeter increased in systolic and 12 millimeter increase in diastolic pressure were noted three hours after the administration of the test dose decreases in heart rate and of as much as 6 speeds per minute were noted at that at this time the nose was opened and the nose and the mouth fell dry and respiration was slowed with deepening Market alertness to external and internal phenomena resulted attention to and got three in for reading remained increase for 12 hours but sleep thereafter appeared due to a feelings of gastroent spinal fullness and anorexia were persistent study was made of the effect of the solution residual from complete extraction with both chloroform ether mixture and both butanol of the thanated extract pH 10. the residual solution made natural as 5.1 concentrate was taken in a to 16 mainly amount only slight changes in blood pressure without any changes in this objective alertness were noted another solution residual from removal of the extractable base and followed by the removal of rainy K participital substance was taken in amount that corresponded to 80 and 160 ml amount of one-to-one detonated extract without any notable circulatory changes or Central effects being observed foreign discussion our estimation of total extractable bases agree well with those reported by Paris and males and our doesn't mean myself it means those researchers who worked for this subject our isolation of about 0.1 percent in its optically pure form is somewhat higher than the quantities of crude total based sulfate isolated by Beta the exceptional Optical purity of the purity of the material readily isolated indicates the absence of substantial amounts of any extractable basis other than extra nor serious dream Civic examinations for amphetamine isomers showed them not to be present in significant terminals from the standpoint of making contribution to the stimulant activities of the plant material as suggested by one Brook chromatographic study of the total extractable base fraction did not evidence any considerable amount of other North Studio the green or acidrine isomer or indeed of any other base base is responding to General tests the agent for natogras bases tests with reagents notably sensitive to amidazole and all or phenol type bases show their absence roughly quantitative comparison in men in the central similar aspect of the action of card plant material between its a equals extract and H the native extract have resulted that corresponded to the amount of the external ephedrine pseudoephedrine isolated when the effects of the total extractable bases were compared when the comparable amount of detonated extract in Mass there was a correspondence and effects the solution residual form removal of extractable Base was inactive with even an eight times increased doses the resize quantitative evaluation in miles of the motor stimulant activity of the donated extract in comparison with breakthrough Nursing degree in short that such centrally activity called be well accounted for by the amounts of this base present studies of depression and depressor activities of the determinated and other tactics drugs when injected intravenously into drugs indicated the presence of considerable amounts of some vasoactive material foreign chromatographic evidence during its isolation did not show the presence of any substantial amount of any other ternary ammonium based the amount of choline that will be absorbed from oral injection of the attack material can only be some of some nutritional significance for dosages as large as 10 gram of choline salt can be taken orally by Men Without obvious pharmacal Dynamic response the market has stringent quality of ecosystem extract of heart materials is related to the most notable gastroent spinal effect resulting resulting from administration of this material these effects are minimized in the consumption by the slow extraction from show Ed green plant material and are most notably when concentrated echo's extract of dried material are swallowed within a short period of time these effects are made less evident by adding mixture of the plant extract with milk and appears to be largely due to the quantitative quantities of extra extractable tannins in the plant material when the action of extracts is studied upon isolated helium preparation that becomes evidence that the inter the inorganic ions present in such extracts may also produce a very substantial inhibitory actions upon gastrointinal function such actions are many times greater than can be ascribed to the action of a contained external noise pseudohedrine it would appear that magnesium plays a large rule amount among the inorganic iron present aside from the action of the Italians present in cat material upon the gastrointestinal tract it would seem probable that the tannin may also play a substantial role in determining the substantial legal dues when extracts are injected into animals the toxicity of aqueous cat extracts under such conditions was found to be less than that of tea or material main extract the extractable ways of craft material were found not to be comparably comparably toxic comparably toxic to those containing the tunnels even with the four times greater dose based on the amount of plant material used such Factory classification of the flu thin reducing tannins such as those present in aqueous cuticstrad is most difficult further the relative pharmacological properties of standard material has been found to vary substantially among different types however there is agreement that tenants can generally be quoted readily absorbed from the gastroent standard track when absorbed at low level of dosage channels May enhance and prolong the effect of epipheral and its action in the body however in large doses the determinants can be very substantially toxic to animals and lead to labor and adrenal damage summary Cathedral is growth and selected in Ethiopia as could a suitable cat material contains about 0.1 percent of dextro north sudafedrine or on the base of air dried material this base occurs without any notable admixture or of acetylene isomer amphetamine isomer or other extractable bases are not present in the pharmacologically significant amount the central stimulant quality and quantities of extracts of such material can be well accounted for by the amount of textural nauseousedrine their impound present about 0.05 percent of choline is also present and contributes no significant pharmacological effect from oral injection of these materials in organic ions particularly magnesium ions are present in amounts sufficient to cause local gastrointestinal effect s produces tannins are present in sufficient amounts within the consumed dosage range to produce market gastrointestinal effect causing responses leading to up to nausea and vomiting these tannins Also may produce effects systematically when adequate amounts are consumed actually or chronically acutely or chronically thank you very much next time I'm going to talk about with our cat called addiction or not see you next time hello well here I am back to continue telling you about my subject cut poison killed in Yemen now I'm talking about whether does the weather cut is causing addiction or not so the question does cut cause addiction uh in Egypt and in 1956 the Arab League committee on narcotics have declared cat to be anarkutic which leads to addiction on 10th April 19